Inflammation of which structure may spread to peritoneal structures due to its continuity with the visceral peritoneum?

The serosa is the correct answer because it is the outermost layer of many abdominal organs and is in direct contact with the visceral peritoneum, which lines the abdominal cavity. Inflammation occurring in the serosa can easily extend to the peritoneal cavity because of this direct continuity.

The peritoneum itself is the lining of the abdominal cavity, but inflammation primarily affecting this area would not be the focus here. The mesentery, while connected to the peritoneum, serves more as a supportive structure for blood vessels and nerves rather than being directly subjected to extension of inflammatory processes. The mucosa, which lines the digestive tract, is distinct from the serosa and typically does not have the same continuity with peritoneal structures that would allow for rapid spread of inflammation.

Thus, understanding the anatomical relationships and coverings of the abdominal organs helps clarify why inflammation in the serosa can lead to complications involving the peritoneum.